Biến OpenClaw / LobeHub thành "Senior n8n Engineer"

┌─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┐
│                    LobeHub / OpenClaw                   │
│              (AI Agent + System Prompt)                 │
│                                                         │
│   ┌─────────────────┐    ┌───────────────────────────┐  │
│   │  n8n-skills     │    │  MCP Client               │  │
│   │  (Knowledge)    │    │  → http://host:3000/mcp   │  │
│   │  System Prompt  │    └──────────┬────────────────┘  │
│   └─────────────────┘               │                   │
└─────────────────────────────────────┼───────────────────┘
                                      │ HTTP (Streamable)
                    ┌─────────────────▼───────────────────┐
                    │       n8n-custom-mcp (Docker)       │
                    │                                     │
                    │  supergateway ← stdio → Node.js     │
                    │        :3000/mcp                    │
                    │                                     │
                    │  12 Tools (CRUD + Webhook + Debug)  │
                    └─────────────────┬───────────────────┘
                                      │ REST API (nội bộ Docker)
                    ┌─────────────────▼───────────────────┐
                    │         n8n Instance (Docker)       │
                    │              :5678                  │
                    │                                     │
                    │  ┌──────┐  ┌───────┐  ┌──────────┐  │
                    │  │ PgSQL│  │ Redis │  │ Worker   │  │
                    │  └──────┘  └───────┘  └──────────┘  │
                    └─────────────────────────────────────┘

n8n-stack/
├── docker-compose.yml
├── .env                        ← Chứa secrets
├── n8n-custom-mcp/             ← Clone từ GitHub
│   ├── package.json
│   ├── tsconfig.json
│   ├── Dockerfile
│   └── src/
│       └── index.ts            ← Core logic (12 tools)
├── db_data/
├── redis_data/
└── n8n_data/

cd ~/n8n-stack
git clone https://github.com/duynghien/n8n-custom-mcp.git

# .env
POSTGRES_USER=n8n
POSTGRES_PASSWORD=your_pg_password_here
POSTGRES_DB=n8n

N8N_ENCRYPTION_KEY=your_encryption_key_here
N8N_HOST=your-domain.com
WEBHOOK_URL=https://your-domain.com/

# Tạo API Key tại: n8n → Settings → API → Create API Key
N8N_API_KEY=your_n8n_api_key_here

services:
  # 1. Database PostgreSQL
  postgres:
    image: postgres:16
    restart: always
    environment:
      - POSTGRES_USER=${POSTGRES_USER}
      - POSTGRES_PASSWORD=${POSTGRES_PASSWORD}
      - POSTGRES_DB=${POSTGRES_DB}
    volumes:
      - ./db_data:/var/lib/postgresql/data
    healthcheck:
      test: ["CMD-SHELL", "pg_isready -h localhost -U ${POSTGRES_USER} -d ${POSTGRES_DB}"]
      interval: 5s
      timeout: 5s
      retries: 10

  # 2. Redis (Queue Manager)
  redis:
    image: redis:alpine
    restart: always
    volumes:
      - ./redis_data:/data
    healthcheck:
      test: ["CMD", "redis-cli", "ping"]
      interval: 5s
      timeout: 5s
      retries: 10

  # 3. n8n Main Instance
  n8n:
    image: n8nio/n8n:latest
    restart: always
    ports:
      - "5678:5678"
    environment:
      - DB_TYPE=postgresdb
      - DB_POSTGRESDB_HOST=postgres
      - DB_POSTGRESDB_PORT=5432
      - DB_POSTGRESDB_DATABASE=${POSTGRES_DB}
      - DB_POSTGRESDB_USER=${POSTGRES_USER}
      - DB_POSTGRESDB_PASSWORD=${POSTGRES_PASSWORD}
      - N8N_ENCRYPTION_KEY=${N8N_ENCRYPTION_KEY}
      - EXECUTIONS_MODE=queue
      - QUEUE_BULL_REDIS_HOST=redis
      - QUEUE_BULL_REDIS_PORT=6379
      - WEBHOOK_URL=${WEBHOOK_URL}
      - N8N_HOST=${N8N_HOST}
      - N8N_SECURE_COOKIE=false
    depends_on:
      postgres:
        condition: service_healthy
      redis:
        condition: service_healthy
    volumes:
      - ./n8n_data:/home/node/.n8n

  # 4. n8n Worker (xử lý tác vụ nặng)
  n8n-worker:
    image: n8nio/n8n:latest
    restart: always
    command: worker
    environment:
      - DB_TYPE=postgresdb
      - DB_POSTGRESDB_HOST=postgres
      - DB_POSTGRESDB_PORT=5432
      - DB_POSTGRESDB_DATABASE=${POSTGRES_DB}
      - DB_POSTGRESDB_USER=${POSTGRES_USER}
      - DB_POSTGRESDB_PASSWORD=${POSTGRES_PASSWORD}
      - N8N_ENCRYPTION_KEY=${N8N_ENCRYPTION_KEY}
      - EXECUTIONS_MODE=queue
      - QUEUE_BULL_REDIS_HOST=redis
      - QUEUE_BULL_REDIS_PORT=6379
      - N8N_HOST=${N8N_HOST}
      - N8N_SECURE_COOKIE=false
    depends_on:
      n8n:
        condition: service_started
    volumes:
      - ./n8n_data:/home/node/.n8n

  # 5. n8n-custom-mcp (Cầu nối sức mạnh)
  n8n-mcp:
    build:
      context: ./n8n-custom-mcp
    restart: always
    ports:
      - "3000:3000"
    environment:
      - N8N_HOST=http://n8n:5678
      - N8N_API_KEY=${N8N_API_KEY}
    depends_on:
      n8n:
        condition: service_started
    command: >
      --stdio "node dist/index.js"
      --port 3000
      --outputTransport streamableHttp
      --streamableHttpPath /mcp
      --cors

docker compose up -d --build

docker compose ps

NAME              STATUS
postgres          Up (healthy)
redis             Up (healthy)
n8n               Up
n8n-worker        Up
n8n-mcp           Up

git clone https://github.com/czlonkowski/n8n-skills.git

n8n-skills/skills/
├── n8n-mcp-tools-expert/SKILL.md     ← Ưu tiên 1: Dạy AI dùng MCP tools đúng cách
├── n8n-workflow-patterns/SKILL.md    ← Ưu tiên 2: 5 mẫu workflow chuẩn
└── n8n-expression-syntax/SKILL.md    ← Ưu tiên 3: Cú pháp biểu thức n8n

# Vai trò
AE là chuyên gia n8n workflow automation. AE có quyền truy cập n8n 
thông qua MCP Server với đầy đủ quyền CRUD, Testing và Debugging.

# Quy tắc quan trọng

## Webhook Data Access
- Dữ liệu webhook LUÔN nằm dưới `$json.body`
- Đúng: {{ $json.body.email }}
- Sai:  {{ $json.email }}

## Workflow Patterns
1. Webhook Processing: Webhook → Process → Respond to Webhook
2. HTTP API: Trigger → HTTP Request → Transform → Output
3. Database: Trigger → Query → Transform → Store
4. AI Agent: Trigger → AI Agent (tools) → Output
5. Scheduled: Schedule → Fetch → Process → Report

## Code Node
- Return format bắt buộc: [{json: {...}}]
- Dùng JavaScript cho 95% use case
- Python trong n8n KHÔNG có thư viện ngoài

## Quy trình làm việc
1. Nhận yêu cầu → Chọn pattern phù hợp
2. create_workflow → tạo workflow
3. activate_workflow → bật workflow
4. trigger_webhook (test_mode: true) → test thử
5. list_executions → kiểm tra kết quả
6. get_execution → nếu lỗi, đọc chi tiết lỗi
7. update_workflow → sửa lỗi
8. Lặp lại bước 4-7 cho đến khi OK

{
  "name": "Outlook Webhook Handler",
  "nodes": [
    {
      "name": "Webhook",
      "type": "n8n-nodes-base.webhook",
      "parameters": { "path": "outlook-callback", "httpMethod": "POST" },
      "position": [250, 300]
    },
    {
      "name": "Extract Data",
      "type": "n8n-nodes-base.set",
      "parameters": {
        "values": {
          "string": [
            { "name": "subject", "value": "={{ $json.body.subject }}" },
            { "name": "sender", "value": "={{ $json.body.sender }}" }
          ]
        }
      },
      "position": [450, 300]
    }
  ],
  "connections": {
    "Webhook": { "main": [[{ "node": "Extract Data", "type": "main", "index": 0 }]] }
  }
}

{
  "webhook_path": "outlook-callback",
  "method": "POST",
  "test_mode": true,
  "body": {
    "subject": "Meeting Tomorrow",
    "sender": "[email protected]"
  }
}

{
  "status": "success",
  "data": {
    "Extract Data": {
      "subject": "Meeting Tomorrow",
      "sender": "[email protected]"
    }
  }
}